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目的了解医学院校新生保持健康体重的知识及行为现状,为采取有效干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取承德市某医学院校新生763名,采用问卷调查、体格测量的方法对体质量指数、腰围、保持健康体重相关知识及行为进行调查。结果大学新生对体质量指数及其正常标准、理想腰围标准的知晓率分别为68.5%,2.1%和0.3%;对不健康体重及腰围过大所致相关疾病或危害的知晓率介于7.7%～89.6%之间;对保持健康体重知识的知晓率为74.8%～94.0%。90.5%的学生关注自身体重,多数学生对自身体重缺乏正确评价。21.5%的学生有不健康的饮食行为,坚持每天锻炼30 min以上占9.4%。超重或肥胖者中控制饮食、体育锻炼的比例分别为46.7%和50.7%。结论医学院校新生保持健康体重知识总体水平较低,缺乏保持健康体重的行为;应加强大学生健康体重知识教育。
Objective To understand the knowledge and behavior of healthy freshmen in medical colleges and universities to provide the basis for effective interventions. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 763 freshmen from a medical school in Chengde City. The body mass index, waist circumference, knowledge of maintaining healthy weight and behaviors were investigated by questionnaire and physical measurement. Results The freshmen’s awareness rate of body mass index and its normal standard and ideal waist circumference were 68.5%, 2.1% and 0.3%, respectively. The awareness rate of unhealthy body weight and waist-circumference-related diseases or hazards was 7.7% 89.6%. The awareness of maintaining a healthy body weight was 74.8% ~ 94.0%. 90.5% of the students concerned about their own weight, most students lack of correct assessment of their own weight. 21.5% of students have unhealthy eating habits, insist on exercise more than 30 minutes per day accounted for 9.4%. Overweight or obese people control diet, the proportion of physical exercise were 46.7% and 50.7%. Conclusions The freshmen’s knowledge of maintaining healthy weight in medical colleges is generally low, and their behaviors of maintaining healthy weight are not enough. Knowledge of healthy weight of college students should be strengthened.