冻融和水流对寒区土渠侵蚀作用是一个复杂的现象,其对永冻区的水利工程、农业灌溉等方面都具有重大的影响。通过冻融和水流对寒区土渠侵蚀试验,对其作用规律展开研究,目的是通过试验解决冻融和水流对寒区土渠侵蚀问题。指出:试验是基于水流与土壤相互作用的复杂性,并对此定义出的4个研究方向:(1)河床稳定性研究;(2)各行业松散物料的水运运输;(3)沉积物的液压挖掘;(4)永久冻土条件下自然侵蚀过程的研究为背景展开的。试验的进行地域萨哈(雅库特)共和国有3种开放的土体河渠用于灌溉:(1)流域灌溉系统的河渠;(2)灌溉河渠;(3)排水系统的河渠。试验的目的是研究土体灌溉河渠与环境的相互作用过程,确定其不足的原因,并提出开发建议,以提高其运行的可靠性。设计试验时采用Khalaany体系和Khorobut体系。 The freezing and thawing and water flow erosion to the soil canals in the cold area is a complex phenomenon, which has a significant impact on water conservancy projects and agricultural irrigation in the permanent frost area. By freezing and thawing and water flow erosion test on the soil and culvert in the cold area, the research on the law of its action is to solve the problem of the erosion of soil and water canal in cold area through the experiment by freezing and thawing. It is pointed out that the experiment is based on the complexity of interaction between water flow and soil and defines four research directions: (1) study of riverbed stability; (2) water transport of loose materials in various industries; (3) Hydraulic excavation; (4) the study of natural erosion processes under permafrost conditions as the background. Trials carried out The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has three open soil canals for irrigation: (1) canals in river basin irrigation systems; (2) irrigation canals; and (3) canals in drainage systems. The purpose of the experiment is to study the process of interaction between soil irrigation canals and the environment, to determine the causes of the deficiencies and to put forward the suggestions for development so as to improve the reliability of the operation. The Khalaany system and the Khorobut system were designed for the test.