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大电导钙激活钾通道(BKCa)是血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)上表达最丰富的钾通道,对维持VSMCs的膜电位及血管收缩和舒张的动态平衡具有重要的调节作用。BKCa通道的激活可使细胞膜发生超极化,从而抑制电压依赖性钙通道的激活和钙离子内流,导致平滑肌舒张。对高血压患者的观察和高血压动物模型的研究发现,高血压血管张力升高时平滑肌细胞膜表面钾离子和钙离子通道表达和功能均发生异常,因此,有人推测高血压是离子通道重构导致平滑肌细胞去极化的结果。本文主要综述近年来BKCa通道在高血压病中的研究进展。
The large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (BKCa) is the most abundant potassium channel in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and plays an important regulatory role in maintaining the homeostasis of VSMCs’ membrane potential and vasoconstriction and relaxation. Activation of the BKCa channel hyperpolarizes the cell membrane, thereby inhibiting the activation of voltage-dependent calcium channels and calcium influx leading to relaxation of the smooth muscle. Hypertension patients observed and animal models of hypertension found that elevated blood pressure vascular smooth muscle cell membrane surface potassium and calcium channel expression and function of abnormalities occur, therefore, it was speculated that hypertension is caused by ion channel remodeling Smooth muscle cell depolarization results. This review summarizes the research progress of BKCa channel in hypertension in recent years.