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为了弄清长期施肥对作物重金属含量的影响,利用长期定位试验,研究了不同施肥措施对小麦、水稻铜、铅、铬、镉含量的影响,并对其籽粒中重金属的含量进行了安全性评价,结果表明,长期施肥影响了小麦和水稻中铜、铅、铬、镉的含量,小麦、水稻籽粒中铅、铬、镉含量长期施肥处理均明显增加,其中铅、铬含量都超过了国家食品卫生标准,施磷处理水稻籽粒中镉含量也严重超标。小麦、水稻对土壤铜和铬的富集能力较强,对铅、镉的富集能力较小;小麦对铬和铜的富集能力大于水稻,其富集系数分别是水稻的2.5倍和2.8倍,而水稻对镉的富集能力大于小麦,富集系数是小麦的2.1倍。
In order to understand the effect of long-term fertilization on the heavy metal content of crops, the effects of different fertilization measures on the contents of copper, lead, chromium and cadmium in wheat and rice were studied by long-term experiment, and the safety evaluation of heavy metal content in grains The results showed that the long-term fertilization affected the contents of Cu, Pb, Cr and Cd in wheat and rice. The contents of Pb, Cr and Cd in wheat and rice increased significantly after long-term fertilization, and the content of Pb and Cr exceeded the national food Health standards, phosphorus content of rice grain cadmium content is also seriously exceeded. Wheat and rice had stronger ability of enriching copper and chromium in soil and less ability of enriching lead and cadmium. The enrichment ability of chromium and copper in wheat was more than that of rice, and its enrichment coefficient was 2.5 times and 2.8 times of that of rice Times, while rice is more able to enrich cadmium than wheat and the enrichment coefficient is 2.1 times that of wheat.