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目的 探讨微波辐射是否对人精液质量产生影响。方法 通过对雷达作业人员的问卷调查、体格检查及留取精液标本,以单细胞凝胶电泳和精子全自动分析等实验室检测方法进行流行病学调查。结果 雷达操作人员的精液质量和精子亚临床损伤随着雷达电磁波频率、距离、强度、时间和防护屏蔽措施的不同而发生改变,并显示一定的剂量反应关系,其中以精子畸形率增高为主。与非雷达操作人员比较两组差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论 雷达操作人员长期受到非电离辐射、雷达屏蔽保护较差的影响,可发生精子亚临床损伤和精液质量下降,但并不影响男性生殖能力。加强非电离辐射的防护、提高雷达作业人员的男性生殖健康保健意识仍十分必要。
Objective To investigate whether microwave radiation affects the quality of human semen. Methods The questionnaire survey, physical examination and semen samples were taken by radar operator, and the epidemiological investigation was carried out by single cell gel electrophoresis and automated sperm analysis in laboratory. Results The sperm quality and subclinical damage of the radar operator changed with the frequency, distance, intensity, time of the electromagnetic wave of the radar and shielding measures of the shield, and showed some dose-response relationship. The sperm abnormality rate was the main factor. Compared with non-radar operators, the difference between the two groups was significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Radar operators have long been subjected to non-ionizing radiation and poor radar shield protection. Subclinical damage to sperm and sperm quality may occur, but this does not affect male fertility. It is still very necessary to strengthen the protection of non-ionizing radiation and raise awareness of male reproductive health care for radar operators.