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目的了解2003-2012年东莞市免疫规划冷链装备情况,为合理配置基层免疫设施提供科学依据。方法运用回顾性调查方法,分别收集全市年总人口、月疫苗接种、各种疫苗体积、冷链设备容积、冷链需要量等信息,再进行统计分析。结果 10年间,各镇(街)冷藏容积总量在全市总人口数、儿童预防接种建证数、一类疫苗接种总剂次数逐年增长的同时,以年均37.13%的速度增长,2012年大岭山、黄江、桥头等8个镇(街)月均冷链冷藏部分占实际冷藏容积比大于70.0%,现有冷链设备以家用冰箱为主,≥9年冰箱占16.58%,仅个别镇(街)大型冷库配备了温控系统。结论预防接种冷链系统容量总体宽松、部分区域老化设备需要更新;自筹运营的人工静态孤岛式温度监测管理存在冷链事故风险,必须开展科学的规划和管理。
Objective To understand the situation of immunization cold chain equipment in Dongguan City from 2003 to 2012 and provide a scientific basis for the rational allocation of immunization facilities at the grassroots level. Methods Retrospective survey methods were used to collect the information such as the annual total population, monthly vaccination, volume of vaccines, cold chain equipment volume and cold chain requirements, and then statistical analysis. Results During the 10 years, the total refrigerated volume of towns (streets) increased at an average annual rate of 37.13% while the total number of refrigerants in the whole city, the number of children’s vaccination certificates and the total number of first-class vaccination increased year by year. In 2012, The cold storage chain of the eight towns (streets) such as Ling Shan, Huang Jiang and Qiaotou accounts for more than 70.0% of the average refrigerated volume. The existing cold chain equipment is dominated by domestic refrigerators, with ≥ 9 years refrigerators accounting for 16.58% Town (Street) large cold storage equipped with temperature control system. Conclusion The capacity of vaccination cold chain system is generally loose and some of the regional aging equipment needs to be updated. The artificial static island temperature monitoring and management of self-operated operation has the risk of cold chain accidents and must be scientifically planned and managed.