蠕变试验通常在恒载,恒温下进行。然而,当研究蠕变物理机理时,操作可以不用一个恒定载荷,而用一个恒定应力。当然试验截面在蠕变时会起变化,因此要保持恒定应力,就应必须地改变作用于试样上的力。安德烈在一九一一年提出了在恒定应力下作蠕变试验的第一台试验机的构思,以后 Creep tests are usually carried out under constant load and at constant temperature. However, when studying the creep physics, it is possible to operate with a constant stress instead of a constant load. Of course, the test section will change when creeping, so to maintain constant stress, the force acting on the test specimen should be changed. Andrea, in 1911, proposed the concept of the first testing machine for creep tests under constant stress