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利用描述性流行病学分析方法 ,对我国 195 0年以来全国法定传染病报告系统和近年全国疾病监测点百日咳疫情资料进行分析 ,以了解我国近年来百日咳的流行病学特点。结果表明 :自实施计划免疫以后 ,百日咳发病率和死亡率大幅度下降 ,年发病率由 60～ 70年代的 10 0 /10万～ 2 0 0 /10万降至目前的 1/10万以下 ;流行范围逐步缩小 ,目前有病例报告的县占全国总县数的 3 0 %左右 ;但是局部地区仍有暴发 ,春夏为高发季节 ,病例主要集中在婴幼儿和学龄前儿童 ,80 %左右的病例集中在 7岁以下儿童 ,其中 5岁以下儿童占 60 %左右。据此 ,全国应进一步提高和保持高水平的百白破混合制剂常规免疫接种率 ,控制局部地区的暴发 ,并加强监测和传染源的管理
By means of descriptive epidemiological analysis, the data of national legal infectious disease reporting system and epidemic situation of pertussis in national surveillance sites in recent years were analyzed to understand the epidemiological features of whooping cough in our country in recent years. The results showed that the incidence and mortality of whooping cough decreased significantly after the implementation of the immunization program, and the annual incidence rate dropped from 10 0-100 000 to 200 000/100 in 1960s to the present 1 in 100 000 or less. The epidemic scope is gradually narrowing. Currently, counties with reported cases account for 30% of the total number of counties in the country. However, some areas still have outbreaks. Spring and summer are the high incidence season. The cases mainly focus on infants and preschool children, and about 80% The cases are concentrated in children under 7 years of age, of which children under 5 years accounted for about 60%. Therefore, the whole country should further raise and maintain the high level of conventional immunization coverage of Baibai broken mixed preparations, control the outbreak in some areas, and strengthen the management of monitoring and source of infection