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改革开放二十多年来,中国的市场经济进程取得了很大的发展,但是由于企业行为外部性,自然垄断,市场信息不对称等原因,造成了市场并不总能有效的配置资源,而需要政府利用财政手段货币手段等对市场的进程进行干预,以纠正其失灵。我们知道,价格是调节市场,使得各种商品的供求在市场上出清的调节机制,于是,为了能够进一步理解价格的调节作用以有利于政府宏观调控政策的实施,探讨价格的形成机制是很有必要的。在市场上,真正影响消费者需求和生产者供给的是相对价格,而绝对价格的差异最终也可归结到相对价格的大小上,相对价格越大,则两种商品间的绝对价格差异也越大。所以,本文主要就商品间的相对价格进行探讨。在市场经济条件下,相对价格也就是商品间的交换比例。本文的主要是在边际效用价值论的框架下,探讨商品交换比例。
Since the reform and opening up for more than 20 years, China’s market economy has made great progress. However, due to the externalities of enterprises, natural monopolies and asymmetric market information, markets are not always able to allocate resources effectively. The government needs monetary means such as fiscal means to intervene in the market process to correct its failure. We know that price is the regulatory mechanism that regulates the market and makes the supply and demand of various commodities on the market clear. Therefore, in order to further understand the role of price regulation in favor of the government’s macro-control policies, it is very important to explore the mechanism of price formation Necessary. In the market, the real price impact on consumer demand and producer supply is the relative price, and the absolute price difference can eventually be attributed to the relative price size. The greater the relative price, the more the absolute price difference between the two products Big. Therefore, this article mainly discusses the relative prices of goods. Under market economy conditions, the relative price is the ratio of exchange between commodities. The main content of this paper is to explore the proportion of commodity exchange within the framework of marginal utility theory of value.