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一、前言地震学历来否认地震波速对于时间的变化。即使是随时间而变,也可忽略10~2年时间量级,而一直在研究其空间分布。基于这种观点,利用所观测的地震波速走时数据,寻求地球内部的速度结构至今仍是枉然。直到最近,随着地震预报研究的进展,才把固有的常识颠倒过来了。明确了地震波速从地壳到上地幔之间在短时间内是发生变化的。然而,地震发生的机制与前兆现象的发现方式间有着密切的关系。松泽(1976)认为:“板块论与岩浆论主要区别在于对应变能存贮的方式持不同的观点。根据这种方式的不同,应该显露出应变能增减状况的差异。而这种差异的有无同大地震的预报有着极其密切的关系。”这就意味着由于地震发生原因的不同,所产生的前兆现象的显示也各有差异。反之,明确前兆现象的发生、展开与消失的机制及其时间的变化方式.不仅对树立地震预报的实
Foreword Seismology has historically denied the change in seismic velocity over time. Even if it changes with time, it can ignore the magnitude of 10 to 2 years, and its spatial distribution has been studied. Based on this view, the use of observed seismic velocity travel time data to find the speed structure inside the Earth is still in vain. Until recently, as the research on earthquake prediction progressed, the common sense was reversed. It is clear that the seismic velocity varies from the crust to the upper mantle in a short period of time. However, the mechanism of earthquake occurrence has a close relationship with the discovery of precursor phenomena. According to Matsuzawa (1976), “the main difference between plate theory and magma lies in the different viewpoints on the ways in which strain energy can be stored. According to this method, differences in the variation of strain energy should be revealed Whether or not there is an extremely close relationship with the prediction of a large earthquake. ”This means that the precursors produced also show differences due to the different causes of earthquakes. On the other hand, it is necessary to clarify the mechanism of the occurrence, expansion and disappearance of precursor phenomena and the way they change over time.