引言申报国家自然科学基金项目,首位问题是选题。科研选题是研究者对研究对象充分考察论证后,在科学思维、理论认识与实验判断的基础上,经过升华而凝练出有价值的相关问题。它是科学研究的关键性第一步,是直接关系到能否取得创新成果的前提。 Introduction to declare the National Natural Science Fund projects, the first question is the topic. Scientific research topic is the researcher on the research object full investigation and demonstration, based on scientific thinking, theoretical knowledge and experimental judgment, through the distillation of valuable and relevant issues. It is a crucial first step in scientific research and a direct prerequisite for the achievement of innovation.