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林木生产力的大小与气候密切相关,掌握不同年龄阶段林木生产力与气候因子的关系对生产力预测及森林经营具有重要意义。本文利用1964—2011年温度、降水、相对湿度、日照时数等气象资料,结合气候湿润指数,运用树干解析数据,定量研究了马尾松生产力与气候因子的关系。结果表明:影响幼龄阶段、中龄阶段和近熟阶段马尾松单木生产力的气候因子各不相同,幼龄时期的单木生产力与3月相对湿度和1月的气候湿润状况显著相关;中龄阶段马尾松生长的限制因子为10月、7月高温和9月的日照时数,7月和5月的湿润状况对其生产力也有显著影响;近熟阶段马尾松生产力的大小与7月的降水量和湿润状况呈极显著正相关(P<0.001)。研究区域湿润温暖的气候基本满足了马尾松生长对水分和热量的要求,但生长中期的高温少雨限制了中龄阶段和近熟阶段马尾松单木生产力的增长。
The size of forest productivity is closely related to the climate. It is of great significance to grasp the relationship between forest productivity and climate factors at different ages to predict productivity and forest management. Based on the meteorological data of 1964-2011, such as temperature, precipitation, relative humidity and sunshine duration, combined with the climatic wetness index and the tree trunk data, the relationship between the productivity of Pinus massoniana and climatic factors was quantitatively studied. The results showed that the climatic factors influencing single-wood productivity of Pinus massoniana in young, middle-aged and near-mature stages were all different. The single-tree productivity in young age was significantly correlated with the relative humidity in March and the wet climate in January. The limiting factors for Pinus massoniana growth in October were the high temperature in October and July and the sunshine hours in September. The wet conditions in July and May also had significant effects on the productivity of Pinus massoniana; Precipitation and wet conditions were significantly and positively correlated (P <0.001). The humid and warm climate in the study area basically met the moisture and heat requirements of Pinus massoniana growth, but the lack of high temperature in the mid-growth stage limited the growth of single-tree mass productivity of Pinus massoniana in middle-aged and near-mature stage.