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本文讨论了各种X波段机载雷达以及到目前为止所经历的发展过程。机载雷达一开始只是用于测距的简单低脉冲重复频率雷达,接着发展到更完善的高脉冲重复频率多卜勒雷达,这种雷达可同时测得目标的距离和距离变他率。在信号处理中,利用多卜勒频率可将运动目标与固定目标分开,从而能在地杂波中检测出动目标。波形产生和选择方面的最新进展,导致了中脉冲重复频率雷达的发展,它将低和高脉冲重复频率雷达的某些特性结合起来,从而使目标探测有更大的灵活性。有些文献已对中脉冲重复频率机载雷达的设计和性能作了综述,并给出一些实例。本文着重介绍这类雷达的演变过程,并探讨其性能计算所必需的理论基础。现代机载雷达可以具备所有三种工作方式,即低、中、高脉冲重复频率,从而允许操纵员使用最适合于战术交战的工作方式。虽然已有许多文章对低、高脉冲重复频率雷达作了介绍,但考虑到本文的完整性,并为推导中脉冲重复频率雷达方程提供必需的背景知识,本文仍将对其作概略介绍。这也是为说明为什么要研制中脉冲重复频率雷达的理由所需要的。本文讨论了中脉冲重复频率雷达,这种雷达信噪比的计算以及目标探测性能的分析,并通过几个实例来说明推导出的公式的具体运用。
This article discusses a variety of X-band airborne radars and what has gone through development so far. The airborne radar was initially a simple low-pulse repetition frequency radar for range finding and then developed into a more sophisticated high-pulse repetition frequency Doppler radar, which measures the target’s distance and distance at the same time. In signal processing, the Doppler frequency separates the moving target from the fixed one so that the moving target can be detected in the ground clutter. Recent advances in waveform generation and selection have led to the development of medium-pulse repetitive-frequency radars that combine certain characteristics of low- and high-pulse repetition frequency radars to provide greater flexibility in target detection. Some literatures have reviewed the design and performance of medium pulse repetition frequency airborne radar and given some examples. This article focuses on the evolution of such radars and explores the theoretical foundations necessary for their performance calculations. Modern airborne radars have all three modes of operation, low, medium and high pulse repetition rates, allowing the operator to work in a manner that is best suited to tactical engagement. Although many articles have been introduced to low and high pulsed repetition frequency radars, we will give an overview of the completeness of this paper and provide the necessary background for deriving the medium pulse repetition frequency radar equations. This is also needed to justify the need to develop a medium pulse repetition frequency radar. This paper discusses the medium pulse repetition frequency radar, the calculation of the radar signal-to-noise ratio and the analysis of the target detection performance. The practical application of the formula is illustrated through several examples.