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建立了地铁车辆碰撞的数学模型和动力学方程。对不同缓冲器的车辆编组碰撞进行模拟,并对碰撞中的最大冲击力、缓冲行程、能量吸收比例、吸收总能量、缓冲器平均吸收率等结果进行比较。研究结果表明,碰撞分界面处缓冲器的最大冲击力只和分界面缓冲器的阻尼系数有关,而与其他缓冲器阻尼系数无关,通过改变碰撞分界处缓冲器与其他缓冲器阻尼系数、弹性系数之间的关系,可以降低碰撞分界面处缓冲器所吸收的能量占所有缓冲器吸收总能量的比例。
The mathematical model and dynamic equation of subway vehicle collision are established. The vehicle grouping collisions of different bumpers were simulated and the results of maximum impact force, cushion stroke, energy absorption ratio, total absorbed energy and average absorber absorption rate were compared. The results show that the maximum impact force of the buffer at the interface of the impact is only related to the damping coefficient of the interface buffer, but not with the damping coefficient of other buffers. By changing the damping coefficient of the buffer and other buffers at the collision boundary, The ratio of the energy absorbed by the bumper at the impact interface to the total energy absorbed by all the bumpers can be reduced.