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目的分析甘肃省武威市近10年水痘发病的强度及流行病学特征,为制定水痘的防控措施及效果评价提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析2005─2014年武威市水痘的监测数据。结果 2005─2014年武威市共报告水痘病例3 803例,年均发病率为20.23/10万;天祝县发病率最高31.29/10万,民勤县最低为7.05/10万,各县(区)水痘发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=142.006,P<0.05);全年均有病例报告,5─7月和11月─次年1月出现发病高峰,呈明显双峰分布;男性发病高于女性,男女性别比1.59∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=761.367,P<0.05);病例多分布在15岁以下人群中,报告3 726例,占发病总数的97.96%。结论武威市水痘发病以散发为主,小学生和托幼儿童为高发人群,应加强对重点人群和重点地区的疫情监测,有效并及时接种水痘疫苗,是控制水痘聚集性病例和暴发疫情的有效措施。
Objective To analyze the intensity and epidemiological characteristics of varicella in the past 10 years in Wuwei City, Gansu Province, and provide the basis for the prevention and control measures of varicella and the effect evaluation. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of chickenpox in Wuwei city from 2005 to 2014. Results A total of 3 803 chickenpox cases were reported in Wuwei City from 2005 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 20.23 / 100 000. The highest incidence was 31.29 / 100 000 in Tianzhu County and 7.05 / 100 000 in Minqin County. The counties ) Had a significant difference in the incidence of chickenpox (χ2 = 142.006, P <0.05). There were case reports throughout the year, with peak bouts occurring in January and January in May-July and November, with a bimodal distribution The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 761.367, P <0.05). The cases were mostly distributed in people under 15 years old, and 3 726 cases were reported, accounting for 97.96% of the total. Conclusion The prevalence of chickenpox in Wuwei City is mainly sporadic. Primary schoolchildren and nursery children are the high incidence population. Surveillance of epidemic situation should be strengthened in key populations and key areas, effective and timely vaccination of chickenpox is an effective measure to control the accumulation of chickenpox and outbreaks. .