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目的:了解武汉地区儿童急性呼吸道感染不同病原体的感染情况及流行病学特征。方法:对13 850例于2014-01-2014-12就诊被诊断为呼吸道感染的儿童,用间接免疫荧光法检测9种呼吸道病原体IgM抗体。结果:病原体总阳性检出率为31.00%,各病原体检出率由高到低依次为:肺炎支原体(MP,16.92%)、乙型流感病毒(IFNB,6.01%)、腺病毒(ADV,4.42%)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV,1.55%)、副流感病毒(PIV,1.29%)、肺炎军团菌血清I型(CP,0.45%)、甲型流感病毒(IFNA,0.25%)、肺炎衣原体(CP,0.07%)、Q热立克次体(RB,0.04%)。其中2种以上病原体混合感染率为20.12%,MP和IFNB混合感染率为29.98%。MP在2014年全年都维持较高的流行水平,并在6月和9月出现2次流行高峰;IFNB在冬春出现2个发病高峰期,其中以1月份发病率最高;ADV在春季出现了流行高峰,然后呈逐渐下降趋势,其中以3月份发病率最高。结论:2014年武汉地区急性呼吸道感染病原体以MP、IFNB和ADV为主,并且混合感染情况严重,了解本地区急性呼吸道感染患儿的流行病学特征对呼吸道疾病的防治有重要意义。
Objective: To understand the infection and epidemiological characteristics of different pathogens of acute respiratory infection in children in Wuhan. Methods: Thirteen respiratory tract pathogen IgM antibodies were detected by indirect immunofluorescence in 13 850 children diagnosed as respiratory tract infection from 2014-01-2014-12. Results: The total positive detection rate of pathogens was 31.00%. The detection rates of pathogens from high to low were: Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP, 16.92%), Influenza B virus (IFNB, 6.01%), adenovirus (RSV, 1.55%), parainfluenza virus (PIV, 1.29%), Legionella pneumophila serogroup I (CP, 0.45%), Influenzavirus A (IFNA, 0.25%), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP, 0.07%), Q hot rickettsia (RB, 0.04%). Among them, the mixed infection rate of two or more pathogens was 20.12%, and the mixed infection rate of MP and IFNB was 29.98%. MP maintained its high prevalence level throughout 2014 and had two epidemic peaks in June and September. IFNB had two peak incidences in winter and spring, with the highest incidence in January and ADV in spring The epidemic peak, and then showed a gradual downward trend, of which the highest incidence in March. CONCLUSIONS: In 2014, the pathogens of acute respiratory infections in Wuhan were mainly MP, IFNB and ADV, and the mixed infections were serious. It is of great significance to know the epidemiological characteristics of children with acute respiratory infection in this area for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.