论文部分内容阅读
煤矿冒顶事故对矿井安全生产危害极大,我国煤矿冒顶事故占死亡事故的50％左右。而且顶板事故绝大多数都发生在回采工作面。 其实,冒顶事故的发生既有管理上的原因,也有技术方面的原因。如技术措施得当,但由于管理不善,也会导致冒顶事故的发生。如果技术措施本身就漏洞百出,管理再严格,也难免不发生冒顶事故。 如采煤工作面煤帮附近的局部冒顶,通常是由于采煤动压而造成的,因为在一些煤层的直接顶中存在着两组相交的裂隙,这样煤帮附近就容易形成“草帽花”、“锅底石”、“驴槽石”等游离岩块的镶嵌型顶板,当炮采落煤后如果支护不及时,这类游离岩块随时可能会落下砸伤人,造成局部冒顶事故。另外,在炮采时,若炮眼布置不当或装药量过多,就有可能
Coal mine roof accidents have great harm to mine safety production, coal mine roof accidents in China accounted for about 50% of fatal accidents. And the vast majority of roof accidents occurred in the mining face. In fact, the occurrence of a roof accident has management reasons as well as technical reasons. Proper technical measures, but due to poor management, can also lead to the occurrence of a fallout. If the technical measures itself is full of loopholes and strict management, it is inevitable that there will be no roof-top accidents. For example, the partial caving near coal gangue in coalface is usually caused by the dynamic pressure of coal mining. Because there are two intersecting fractures in the direct roof of some coal seams, the “straw hat flower” , “Pot bottom stone”, “donkey-groove stone” and other free-rock inlaid roof, when the blasting coal mining if the support is not timely, such free rock blocks may fall at any time fall, causing a local accident . In addition, when blasting, if the blasthole improper layout or charge too much, it is possible