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目的 探讨复发性口疮（RAU）患者的细胞及体液免疫功能的变化。 方法 对门诊确诊的复发性口疮患者98例及健康成人对照31例，采用微量全血3H－TdR掺入法检测T淋巴细胞增殖功能；酵母菌花环法检测红细胞免疫粘附功能；采用单向免疫扩散法测定血清中免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA及补体C3、C4含量。 结果 复发性口疮患者外周血T淋巴细胞增殖功能较健康成人有显著降低（刺激指数（SI） P＜0．001）；患者红细胞C3b受体花环形成率（RBC－C3bRR）、红细胞免疫复合物花环形成率（RBC－ICR）较健康成人均无明显差异；患者血清中C3含量较健康成人无明显差异，而C4（P＜0．01）及IgG（P＜0．001）、IgM (P＜0．01)、IgA (P＜0．05)含量则明显升高。 结论 复发性口疮患者血清中C4含量明显增加，体液免疫功能异常升高，而T淋巴细胞免疫功能低下，提示复发性口疮的发生可能与机体免疫功能异常有关。
Objective To investigate the cellular and humoral immune function in patients with recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU). Methods 98 cases of recurrent aphthous ulcers and 31 cases of healthy adult controls diagnosed by clinic were enrolled. 3H-TdR incorporation assay was used to detect the proliferation of T lymphocytes; the activity of erythrocyte immune adherence was detected by the method of yeast wreath; Determination of immunoglobulin IgG, IgM, IgA and complement C3, C4 in serum by diffusion method. Results The proliferation of peripheral T lymphocytes in patients with recurrent aphthous ulcer was significantly lower than that in healthy adults (stimulation index (SI) <0.001). The rate of rosette formation of erythrocyte C3b receptor (RBC-C3bRR), erythrocyte immune complexes (P <0.01), IgG (P <0.001) and IgM (P <0.01), and there was no significant difference in the formation rate (RBC-ICR) between healthy adults 0.01), IgA (P <0.05) content was significantly increased. Conclusions The content of C4 in the serum of recurrent aphthous ulcer patients is obviously increased, the humoral immune function is abnormally elevated, while the immune function of T lymphocytes is low, which suggests that the occurrence of recurrent aphthous ulcer may be related to the abnormal immune function.