目的:为探讨灾民对灾害事件的风险认知及应对能力,以台风为背景分析居民对灾害风险的认知及影响特征。方法:采用整群抽样方法对浙江省某台风登陆及影响区域的434名居民进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括人口学特征、台风相关风险认知以及采取的应对能力,数据进行分析。结果:84.6%居民认为台风知识教育是重要的,电视广播和经验分享是其获得相关信息主要途径;台风登陆区居民对台风灾害的风险认知明显高于周边区居民,以生命、财产和生活品质危害影响为主要因素(P≤0.001);在台风灾害的应对能力方面,登陆区居民认为邻里亲友互助更为重要,并对居住物的坚固和居住区域安全更为关心;相关性分析提示不同年龄、文化教育、经济收入及居住区域与台风认知担忧有相关显著(P<0.05)。结论:明确居民对灾害的风险认知,可预测灾害可能出现社会心理、行为变化,有助于提高人们认识灾害风险和减灾措施,增强居民应急能力。 Objective: To explore the disaster victims ’cognition and coping ability of disaster risk, this paper analyzes the residents’ cognition and influence characteristics of disaster risk with the background of typhoon. Methods: A cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 434 residents of a typhoon landing and affected area in Zhejiang Province. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics, typhoon-related risk awareness, and coping ability and data analysis. Results: 84.6% of residents think typhoon knowledge education is important, and TV broadcasting and experience sharing are the main ways to obtain relevant information. Residents in the typhoon landing area have significantly higher risk of typhoon disasters than those in the surrounding areas, with life, property and living (P≤0.001). In respect of typhoon disaster response ability, the residents in the landing area considered that the mutual assistance between relatives and friends in the neighborhood was more important and was more concerned with the sturdiness of residential buildings and the safety of the residential area; the correlation analysis suggested that the differences Age, culture and education, income and residential areas were significantly associated with typhoon awareness (P <0.05). Conclusion: It is clear that residents ’perceptions of the risks of disasters, predictable disasters may change social psychology and behavior, which helps to raise awareness of disaster risks and mitigation measures and enhance residents’ emergency response capability.