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计算难溶盐在水中、酸中或其他溶液中的溶解度,在无机化学和分析化学中是经常遇到而必须解决的一个重要问题。由于难溶盐在水中或其他溶液中的平衡关系比较复杂,而且影响溶解度的因素又很多,为简化起见,一般教科书多采用近似法计算。若要精确计算难溶物的溶解度,需要高次方程,相当麻烦。前人曾用逐步逼近法或其他方法作比较精确的计算,还是相当复杂;若同时考虑阴阳离子的影响因素,更感困难。这里我们只通过典型例子就两种计算法说明AB型、AB_2型及A_2B型等难溶盐的溶解度
Calculating the solubility of poorly soluble salts in water, acids or other solutions is an important issue that must be addressed in inorganic chemistry and analytical chemistry. Due to the complicated relationship between insoluble salts in water or other solutions, and many factors that affect the solubility, for the sake of simplicity, most textbooks are usually calculated by the approximate method. To accurately calculate the solubility of insoluble materials, need high-order equation, quite troublesome. It has been quite complicated for the predecessors to use the step-by-step approach or other methods to make more accurate calculations. It is even more difficult to consider the factors that affect the anions and cations simultaneously. Here we only use typical examples to illustrate the solubility of AB, AB_2, A_2B and other insoluble salts