一、引言洪门致公堂改堂为党及致公党早期政治纲领,乃是辛亥革命时期政党政治与地方自治思潮的具体反映。洪门改堂为党虽在辛亥革命之后,但洪门从会党到政党的启动,不仅与近代中国资产阶级政党的建立与发展同步,而且还曾融 I. INTRODUCTION The reform of the court to serve the cause of the party and the early public order of the Chi Gong Dang is a concrete reflection of the party politics and local autonomy thought during the Revolution of 1911. Despite the fact that the party was founded after the 1911 Revolution, the opening of Hongmen from the non-party to the political party was not only synchronized with the establishment and development of modern Chinese bourgeois parties,