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目的分析2009～2010年云南贫困农村地区0～5岁儿童营养不良状况及其影响因素。方法采用随机整群分层抽样的方法,抽取云南省广南县贫困县农村地区1002名0～5岁儿童,通过询问调查、血红蛋白检测和膳食调查进行问卷调查,并测量身高、体重,采用Z评分法进行营养状况评价,计算营养不良率。采用非条件Logistic回归多因素分析。结果 2009～2010年云南贫困农村地区5岁以下儿童低体重率为18.8%,生长迟缓率为34.3%,消瘦率为3.1%。排除了其他变量的影响后显示,2岁以下儿童未喂过母乳的比喂过母乳的儿童容易发生营养不良;2岁以下儿童过去7天添加辅食蔬菜和水果天数较多的比少的不容易发生营养不良;2岁以下儿童与同龄孩子比较情况好的比差的和差不多的不容易发生营养不良。结论云南贫困农村地区5岁以下儿童营养不良状况不容忽视。儿童营养不良的影响因素主要有2岁以下儿童的喂养方式、2岁以下婴幼儿辅食添加、2岁以下儿童与同龄孩子比较情况等。
Objective To analyze the malnutrition and its influencing factors of children aged 0 ~ 5 years in impoverished rural areas of Yunnan from 2009 to 2010. Methods A total of 1002 children aged 0-5 years were collected from rural areas of poverty-stricken counties in Guangnan County of Yunnan Province by random cluster stratified sampling method. Questionnaires, hemoglobin test and dietary survey were used to survey the children’s height and weight. Z Grading method Nutritional status assessment, calculation of malnutrition rate. Non-conditional Logistic regression multivariate analysis. Results From 2009 to 2010, the underweight rate of children under 5 years of age in impoverished rural areas of Yunnan Province was 18.8%, the growth retardation rate was 34.3% and the wasting rate was 3.1%. Excluding the effects of other variables, children under 2 years of age were more likely to develop malnutrition than those who had been breastfed; children under 2 years of age had difficulty in adding supplemental vegetables and fruits over the past 7 days Malnutrition occurs; malnutrition is less likely to occur in children under 2 years of age, when compared with children of the same age, and which are less likely to suffer from malnutrition. Conclusions Malnutrition among children under 5 years old in impoverished rural areas of Yunnan can not be ignored. The main influencing factors of children’s malnutrition are feeding methods for children under 2 years old, supplementing food supplement for infants under 2 years of age, children under 2 years of age compared with their peers.