论文部分内容阅读
在秸秆全量还田的试验田中(从2004年起),于2008—2009年及2009—2010年冬小麦生育期间,研究了不同耕作措施(旋耕、耙耕、免耕、深松和常规耕作)和杂草管理对冬小麦田土壤水分及有机碳的影响.结果表明:在未除草条件下,免耕、深松的杂草总密度显著提高;而在除草条件下,杂草密度显著下降.小麦从拔节期到灌浆期0～60cm土层水分含量呈明显波动变化,田间保留一定量的杂草可增加不同耕作方式0～20cm的土壤水分含量,表现出一定的土壤水分保持效应.保留杂草仅提高了拔节期0～20cm土层的土壤有机碳含量;而在抽穗期和灌浆期,0～20、20～40和40～60cm土层有机碳含量均低于去除杂草处理.去除杂草条件下,深松显著提高了冬小麦籽粒产量;保留杂草条件下,旋耕的籽粒产量最高,常规耕作产量最低.
During the winter wheat growing period of 2008-2009 and 2009-2010, different tillage practices (rotary tillage, harrow tillage, no-tillage, subsoiling and conventional tillage) were studied in experimental fields with full crop straw returning (from 2004) And weed management on soil moisture and organic carbon in winter wheat field.The results showed that the total density of no-tillage and deep-seeding weeds significantly increased under weeding conditions, while the weed density decreased significantly under weeding conditions. The soil water content of 0 ~ 60cm soil layer fluctuated obviously from jointing stage to grain filling stage, keeping a certain amount of weeds in the field could increase the soil moisture content of 0 ~ 20cm under different tillage patterns and showed certain soil moisture retention effect. Only increasing the content of soil organic carbon in 0 ~ 20cm soil layer at jointing stage; while in heading stage and grain filling stage, organic carbon content in 0 ~ 20,20 ~ 40 and 40 ~ 60cm soil layer were lower than that of removing weed. Subsoiling significantly increased the grain yield of winter wheat. Under weed condition, the yield of rotary tillage was the highest and the yield of conventional tillage was the lowest.