目的:探讨多房囊性肾细胞癌的诊断与治疗。方法:回顾性分析2008年1月~2014年2月收治26例多房囊性肾细胞癌患者的临床表现、诊断方法、手术方式、病理结果及预后情况。结果:26例患者中,行开放手术4例,其中因术中粘连严重中转开放手术2例,微创手术22例,其中腹腔镜手术4例,后腹腔镜手术17例,机器人辅助腹腔镜手术1例;保留肾单位手术14例,根治性肾切除术12例。26例患者术后病理报告均为多房囊性肾细胞癌,26例均获随访,随访12~82个月,平均43.8个月,均未见肿瘤复发和转移。结论:多房囊性肾细胞癌是一种恶性程度低的肾肿瘤,预后良好。影像学检查对其早期诊断有重要价值,手术治疗为多房囊性肾癌的首选治疗方式。 Objective: To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma. Methods: The clinical manifestations, diagnosis methods, surgical methods, pathological findings and prognosis of 26 patients with multilocular renal cell carcinoma admitted to our hospital from January 2008 to February 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Of the 26 patients, 4 were undergone open surgery, of which 2 were underwent open surgery due to severe intraoperative adhesions, 22 were minimally invasive surgery, 4 were laparoscopic surgery, 17 were laparoscopic surgery, 17 were assisted by laparoscopic robot assisted laparoscopy 1 cases; retained nephron surgery in 14 cases, radical nephrectomy in 12 cases. Twenty-six patients were all pathologically reported with multiple atrophic renal cell carcinoma. Twenty-six patients were followed up for 12 to 82 months with an average of 43.8 months. No tumor recurrence or metastasis was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Dysplastic renal cell carcinoma is a poorly malignant renal tumor with a good prognosis. Imaging examination of its early diagnosis of great value, surgical treatment of multiple renal cysts of the preferred treatment.