随着人类文明的发展,人们每天在建筑物内度过的时间逐渐增加。故了解建筑物内的辐射水平,对估算人群的集体剂量当量是十分重要的,而建筑物内的辐射水平又与建筑材料中放射性核素含量有密切关系。近十多年来,一些国家和地区相继进行了建筑材料中天然放射性核素水平的调查,对某些放射性水平较高的建筑材料的使用巳引起了关注;为使人群的集体剂量当量控制在较低的水平,有的国家对建筑材料中天然放射性核素含量规定了限制标准;对 With the development of human civilization, people spend more time in buildings every day. Therefore, understanding the radiation level within a building is very important for estimating the collective dose equivalent of a population, and the radiation level within a building is closely related to the content of radionuclides in building materials. In the past decade or so, some countries and regions have conducted surveys of natural radionuclides in construction materials in succession. Attention has been paid to the use of some building materials with high levels of radioactivity; the collective dose equivalent of the population has been controlled. At lower levels, some countries have set limits on the natural radionuclide content in building materials;