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目的分析手足口病病原学的流行特征,为预防和控制肠道病毒感染提供科学依据。方法通过哨点监测医院收集全市手足口病病例标本进行肠道总病毒、肠道病毒71型(human enterovirus 71,EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16)等肠道病毒核酸检测。结果 2008-2010年共收集手足口病患者835份标本,肠道病毒通用型核酸、EV71和CoxA16核酸检出率分别为66.95%、35.57%、23.11%。手足口病发病以幼儿为主,尤其是散居儿童,发病人群主要集中在5岁以下儿童,占87.43%,肠道病毒阳性检出率男性高于女性;重症病例和非重症病例感染的主要病原体型别有差异。结论手足口病的主要病原体是EV71和CoxA16,但每年病原谱在不断变化,5岁以下儿童为高危人群。应根据手足口病高危人群和高发季节制定相应的预防控制策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological features of hand-foot-mouth disease etiology and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of enterovirus infection. Methods Total samples of HFMD were collected from the hospital by sentinel surveillance in our hospital for detection of enterovirus nucleic acids such as enterovirus 71, EV71 and CoxA16. Results A total of 835 samples of hand, foot and mouth disease were collected during 2008-2010. The detection rates of common enterovirus DNA, EV71 and CoxA16 were 66.95%, 35.57% and 23.11% respectively. The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease was mainly in young children, especially in scattered children. The incidence of the disease mainly concentrated in children under 5 years old, accounting for 87.43%. The positive detection rate of enterovirus was higher in males than in females. The main pathogens in severe cases and non-severe cases Different types. Conclusion The main pathogens of hand-foot-mouth disease are EV71 and CoxA16, but the annual spectrum of pathogens is constantly changing. Children under 5 years of age are at high risk. Hand-foot-mouth disease should be based on high-risk groups and high season to develop the appropriate prevention and control strategies.