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目的:比较不同强度有氧运动下老年原发性高血压患者血压变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)的差异及运动12周末、20周末对血压CV的影响。方法:将132例老年原发性高血压患者随机分为中强度、低强度运动组及对照组3组。进行24 h动态血压测定,计算出各组间血压CV进行评定,分别于治疗前、12周末及20周末比较3组间血压CV的差异。结果:有氧运动12周末,3组间平均收缩压、平均舒张压及收缩压CV无明显差异(均P>0.05),舒张压CV对照组与中强度组、低强度组有显著差异(P<0.01);20周末,3组间平均收缩压、平均舒张压、收缩压CV及舒张压CV有差异(均P<0.05)。自身治疗前后比较,中强度组12周末舒张压CV、20周末平均收缩压、平均舒张压、收缩压CV及舒张压CV有差异(均P<0.05),低强度组12周末舒张压CV、20周末平均舒张压及舒张压CV有差异(均P<0.05)。运动强度与血压CV呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:中强度有氧运动对血压CV有明显改善,且在20周末效果更显著,收益更大。临床上应加强对老年原发性高血压患者血压CV的重视,加强宣教,坚持中等强度的有氧运动以降低血压的CV。
OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences of coefficient of variation (CV) between elderly patients with essential hypertension and exercise-induced cardiovascular activities at 12 weeks and 20 weeks of exercise. Methods: 132 elderly patients with essential hypertension were randomly divided into moderate and low intensity exercise group and control group 3 groups. The 24 h ambulatory blood pressure was measured, and the CV of blood pressure in each group was evaluated. The differences of CV between the three groups before treatment, 12 weeks and 20 weeks were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in average systolic blood pressure, mean diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure CV between the three groups at the end of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise (all P> 0.05). There was significant difference between the control group of diastolic blood pressure and the moderate-intensity group and the low-intensity group <0.01). At the end of the 20th week, mean systolic blood pressure, mean diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure CV and diastolic blood pressure CV were significantly different among the three groups (all P <0.05). Before and after self-treatment, the diastolic blood pressure CV, mean systolic blood pressure, mean diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure CV and diastolic blood pressure CV in the moderate-intensity group at 12weeks were significantly different at 12weeks of age (all P <0.05) Weekend mean diastolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly different (all P <0.05). Exercise intensity and blood pressure CV was negatively correlated (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improved blood pressure CV significantly, and the effect was more pronounced and more profitable at the end of 20 weeks. Clinically, we should strengthen the elderly essential hypertension in patients with CV attention, strengthen education, adhere to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise to lower blood pressure CV.