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目的 了解济南市3～6岁儿童常见眼病状况,并对筛查出的弱视、睑内翻、上睑下垂、斜视儿童给予验光配镜、弱视训练、手术矫正、视功能训练等综合治疗.方法 随机抽取66所幼儿园,共9867名幼儿(19734眼),对视力异常、睑内翻、上睑下垂、斜视等儿童发反馈通知,复诊儿童给予详细眼部检查,明确诊断,综合治疗.结果 (1)本次调查初筛学龄前儿童视力异常率为13.1％;弱视患儿占0.96％.(2)睑内翻儿童223名,占2.26％.(3)上睑下垂儿童11名,占0.11％.(4)斜视儿童212名,占2.15％.(5)对复诊的以上4类儿童给予综合治疗,随访12～18个月,弱视治疗总有效率99.2％,睑内翻、上睑下垂及斜视儿童手术矫正治愈率100％.结论 对学龄前儿童早期进行常见眼病筛查,可以做到早发现、早诊断和早治疗,对促进儿童视力恢复、改善儿童面部外观、预防严重眼病的发生具有非常重要的意义.“,”Objective To investigate common eye diseases in preschool children aged 3 to 6 years old in Jinan city and carry out interventional therapy on children with amblyopia, strabismus, entropion, ptosis.Method 9867 preschool children from 66 different kindergartens were screened for eye diseases. Feedback notice was given to children with oculopathy. Further ophthalmic examinations such as optometric methods, amblyopia training, surgical correction and visual functional training were carried out on children with amblyopia, entropion, ptosis, strabismus accordingly.Results The ratio of abnormal visual acuity was 13.1％, amblyopia was 0.96％ in our screening. There were 223 children with entropion (2.26％), 11 children with ptosis (0.11％) and 212 children with strabismus (2.15％). A follow up was carried out 12～18 months later, showed the total effective rate of amblyopia therapy was 99.2％, surgical correction cure rate of entropion, ptosis and strabismus were all 100％.Conclusion Many eye diseases occur in a young age, which might damage eyesight. Early eye screening, diagnosis and interventional therapy are important for preschool children.