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通过室内饲养和连续观察,研究了食物、温度对引进花角蚜小蜂成虫寿命的影响及其羽化的时间节律.结果表明:食物对该寄生蜂成虫寿命有极显著影响,喂食20%蜂蜜或20%蜂蜜+新鲜松针可将雌虫寿命从不喂食的1.5d延长到14.8d和17.3d,将雄虫寿命从不喂食的1.5d延长到11.3d和12.3d.喂食20%蜂蜜条件下,温度也表现出极显著影响,23℃和26℃下雌、雄成虫的寿命均明显较长,32℃下均最短,相同温度下雌虫的寿命显著长于雄虫.日周期中,雌虫主要在11:00—15:00羽化,18:00以后基本不羽化;雄虫主要在9:00—12:00羽化,17:00以后基本不羽化.在花角蚜小蜂的主要羽化期7—9月,7月羽化量最大,此后8、9月呈波浪式递减;单日羽化的成虫中,雌虫大多占80%以上,雄虫则长期在一个较低水平波动.对比试验发现,花角蚜小蜂在收蜂棚中的出蜂量比在收蜂箱中更大.花角蚜小蜂在羽化前积累的能量十分有限,人工放蜂前提供必要的营养补充将有助于提高生物防治效果.福建和广东夏季的高温、花角蚜小蜂雌成虫和松突圆蚧雌成蚧虫口高峰期不吻合、极高的雌性比例等是影响该寄生蜂种群稳定的潜在因素.收蜂棚有利于大量收集花角蚜小蜂,适合在生产上应用.
The effects of food and temperature on the longevity of the beetles and their eclosion rhythms were studied by indoor feeding and continuous observation.The results showed that food had a very significant effect on the longevity of the parasitoid beetles fed with 20% 20% honey + fresh pine needles can extend the longevity of female from non-feeding 1.5d to 14.8d and 17.3d, prolonging the male’s life from 1.5d to 11.3d and 12.3d without feeding.When feeding 20% honey, temperature Also showed a very significant impact on the male and female adults at 23 ℃ and 26 ℃ were significantly longer life expectancy at 32 ℃ are the shortest, the same temperature, the life expectancy of females was significantly longer than the male day cycle, the female mainly in 11: 00-15: 00 eclosion and basically no feathering after 18:00. The males mainly emerged at 9: 00-12: 00 and basically did not emerge after 17: 00. In the main eclosion stage, In September and July, the amount of feathering was the largest, and then decreased in August and September. In the single day, most females accounted for more than 80% of the females, while the male ones fluctuated at a relatively low level for a long time. Aphid bugs in the bee shed in the amount of bees than in the beehives more. Aphid bupleurum energy accumulation before eclosion , The artificial preemergence to provide the necessary nutritional supplements will help to improve the biological control effect.Fujian and Guangdong summer high temperature, Aphis gossypii adult female and adult Lygus caudatum female scale insects pest population peak does not coincide, very high Female ratio and so on are the potential factors that affect the stability of the parasitoid.Because collecting beehive is conducive to the collection of aphid large wasps, suitable for production applications.