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目的 探讨C3H/HeN和C57BL/6J小鼠放射性肺损伤(radiation-induced pulmonary injury,RPI)进程中肺组织不同细胞凋亡的差异.方法 两种小鼠各60只,随机分为对照组和照射组,采用单次20 Gy 60 Coγ射线全胸照射建立RPI模型.分别在照射后1、3和7 d及1、3个月取肺组织,采用原位末端标记、磷酸化组蛋白H2AX(γH2AX)和凋亡诱导因子(apoptosis-inducing factor,AIF)的免疫印迹方法检测DNA损伤和细胞凋亡.结果 照射后1～3 d,C57BL/6J小鼠肺组织凋亡细胞显著多于C3H/HeN小鼠,以肺泡上皮细胞凋亡为主;照射后1个月,两种小鼠肺组织细胞凋亡无明显差异;照射后3个月,C57BL/6J小鼠肺组织凋亡细胞显著少于C3H/HeN小鼠.照射后1～7 d,C57BL/6J小鼠肺组织γH2AX表达显著多于C3H/HeN小鼠;而照射后3个月,C3H/HeN小鼠肺组织中γH2AX的表达多于C57BL/6J小鼠.照射后1、3 d和1个月,C3H/HeN小鼠肺组织中AIF的表达少于C57BL/6J小鼠,而照射后3个月,C3H/HeN小鼠肺组织中AIF的表达多于C57BL/6J小鼠.结论 RPI进程中两种小鼠肺组织中DNA损伤和细胞凋亡的发生存在差异.“,”Objective To explore the difference of cellular apoptosis levels in lungs between C 57BL/6J and C3H/HeN mice in the course of radiation induced pulmonary injury (RPI).Methods Sixty C57BL/6J mice and another sixty C3H/HeN mice were randomly divided into control group and irradiation group respectively .The 60 Co γray irradiation method was used to establish an RPI model with 20 Gy per irradiation.Lungs were obtained on 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 1 month(m) and 3 m after irradiation, and then the apoptosis and expressions of γH2AX and AIF were detected by in situ terminal labeling and immunoblotting .Results 1 and 3 d after irradiation , many apoptotic cells , mainly apoptotic epithelial cells , could be seen in lungs and apoptotic cells in the lungs of C 57BL/6J mice outnumbered those of C3H/HeN mice.At one month after irradiation, there was no significant difference of cell apoptosis between these two groups of mice .Three months after irradiation, there were fewer apoptotic cells in lungs of C 57BL/6J mice than in C3H/HeN mice.C57BL/6J mice had a higher γH2AX expression in lungs than C3H/HeN mice did at 1 -7 days after irradiation.However, the expression ofγH2AX in lungs of C3H/HeN mice was higher than that of C57BL/6J mice at 3 m after irradiation.The expression of AIF in lungs of C3H/HeN mice was lower than that of C57BL/6J mice at 1 d, 3 d and 1 m,while the expression of AIF in lungs of C3H/HeN mice was higher than that of C57BL/6J mice at 3m after irradiation.Conclusion In the course of RPI, the occurence of DNA damage and cell apoptosis is different in lungs of C 57BL/6J mice and C3H/HeN mice.