肝淋巴细胞中含有丰富的自然杀伤细胞(natural killer cells,NK),后者通过影响天然免疫抵御肝内病毒感染及肿瘤转移。而活化的肝星状细胞(hepatic stellate cells,HSCs)在肝纤维化发生发展中起着关键作用。近来一些研究表明NK细胞可通过产生具有抗纤维化作用的IFN-γ以及直接杀死活化HSCs,起到明显的抗肝纤维化作用。因此,刺激NK细胞活化极可能成为治疗肝纤维化的新途径,但其有效性及安全性需进一步通过临床研究来证明。 Hepatic lymphocytes are rich in natural killer cells (NK), which affect innate immunity against intrahepatic viral infections and tumor metastasis. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a key role in the development of hepatic fibrosis. Recently, some studies have shown that NK cells can play a significant anti-hepatic fibrosis effect by producing IFN-γ with anti-fibrosis and directly killing activated HSCs. Therefore, stimulation of NK cell activation may become a new way to treat liver fibrosis, but its efficacy and safety need to be further confirmed by clinical research.