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‘峰早’和‘洛浦早生’葡萄分别是‘巨峰’和‘京亚’的早熟芽变,本研究对比分析了早熟芽变与其亲本间在果实发育过程中与成熟有关的生理指标动态变化的差异。结果表明,与亲本相比,两个早熟芽变品种在果实横径、纵径、单粒重的增长速率,叶绿素、类黄酮和总酚含量变化趋势,以及β-半乳糖苷酶活性等方面的变化趋势差别不大。可溶性固形物和可溶性糖的变化趋势、类胡萝卜素的含量及脂氧合酶(LOX)活性的变化趋势在两对芽变与亲本间无明显一致的趋势,表现出的情形比较复杂。但两芽变品种花色素苷的增长速率在花后50 d均显著快于亲本,且在成熟时的绝对含量均大于对应时期亲本,这可能是早熟芽变品种果实先着色的原因之一。两芽变与亲本间果胶甲酯酶(PE)活性和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)活性变化模式相一致,且两芽变的PG酶活性增长速率均明显大于其亲本,这种变化幅度也与早熟芽变性状变化的幅度相关,所以PG酶活性增加加快了芽变品种的成熟软化,这可能是芽变比亲本早熟的原因之一。
Early morning buds and Early_Lop grape were the premature buds of ’Jufeng’ and ’Jingya’, respectively. This study comparatively analyzed the dynamic changes of physiological indexes related to maturation of early buds and their parents during fruit development The difference. The results showed that compared with the parents, the two premature sprouted varieties had different effects on the diameter, vertical diameter, single grain weight growth rate, chlorophyll, flavonoid and total phenolic content, and β-galactosidase activity The trend of change is not very different. The trends of soluble solids and soluble sugars, the content of carotenoids and the trend of LOX activity did not show a consistent trend between the two pairs of buds and their parents, and the situation was complicated. However, the anthocyanin growth rate of two bud varieties was significantly faster than that of the parent at 50 d after anthesis, and the absolute content of mature anthocyanin was greater than that of the corresponding parent during maturity. This may be one of the reasons for the early coloring of precocious bud varieties. The results showed that the activity of pectin methylesterase (PE) and polygalacturonase (PG) in two buds changed with the parental pattern, and the growth rate of PG enzyme activity in two buds was significantly higher than that of their parents The magnitude of the change was also related to the magnitude of changes in the early-maturing buds. Therefore, increasing PG enzyme activity accelerated the ripening and softening of the bud varieties, which may be one of the reasons for the buds to age earlier than the parents.