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目的掌握浙江省黄胸鼠鼠疫历史疫源地的宿主动物和体蚤种群数量、结构的动态变化,了解家鼠和野鼠相互混居、交窜现象;对监测点现阶段宿主动物种群及体蚤种群进行分析,为深化鼠疫监测提供依据。方法采用2007-2008年监测点调查数据对宿主动物与媒介蚤种群物种多样性进行分析。结果在黄胸鼠鼠疫疫源地区,发现动物3目4科9属15种,发现蚤类4科7属7种。宿主动物组成,黄胸鼠占13.11%,其体蚤占蚤总数的32.91%;褐家鼠占36.30%,体蚤占42.20%;黑线姬鼠占16.49%,体蚤占14.56%;臭鼩鼱占17.39%,体蚤占0.74%。媒介蚤种群组成以缓慢细蚤为主,占蚤总数的64.34%,不等单蚤占19.87%,印鼠客蚤占9.64%;宿主动物与媒介蚤种群物种多样性有差别,物种多样性越丰富的地区(H>1)说明该地区动物种群数量越稳定,该地区的疫源性越稳定。结论啮齿动物数量和种类处于丰富状态;家栖鼠与野栖鼠相互交窜现象明显,部分鼠体蚤的传播媒介属于广宿主种群,一旦发生鼠间鼠疫疫情,对人类构成直接威胁;部分监测点对鼠疫监测工作质量、监测数据得不到保证,动物种群种类单一。
Objective To understand the dynamic changes of population and structure of host animals and fleas in the historic foci of the genitalia in Zhejiang Province and to find out the phenomenon of intermixing and crossing between the domestic and wild mice. The analysis of the population provides the basis for deepening the plague surveillance. Methods The species diversity of host flea and flea media were analyzed using survey data from 2007-2008. Results In the area of plague foci of Rattus flavipectus, 15 species of 3 genera, 4 families and 9 genera were found, and 7 species of 4 genera, 4 families of fleas were found. Host animals, Rattus flavipectus accounted for 13.11%, the body flea accounted for 32.91% of the total flea; Rattus norvegicus accounted for 36.30%, body flea accounted for 42.20%; Apodemus lineage accounted for 16.49%, body flea accounted for 14.56%; stinkbug鼱 accounted for 17.39%, body flea accounted for 0.74%. The population of vector fleas was mainly composed of slow flea, accounting for 64.34% of the total number of fleas, ranging from 19.87% in single flea to 9.64% in flea fleece-rats. Species diversity of host flea and flea were different, Rich areas (H> 1) indicate that the more stable the animal population in the area, the more stable the foci in the area. Conclusion The number and species of rodents are abundant. The cross-channeling phenomenon between domestic and wild mongrels is obvious. Some of the vectors of the fleas belong to the broad host population. Once the outbreak of the plague occurs, they pose a direct threat to human beings. Some of the monitoring points The quality of plague surveillance work, monitoring data can not be guaranteed, animal species a single species.