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提出一种杆系结构几何优化的广义中间变量近似方法。首先引入一套广义中间变量，包括各杆件局部柔度特性、方向余弦及内力与位移关系矩阵各元素，结构响应与这些广义中间变量的关系比与设计变量本身（即节点坐标和截面积）成更好的线性关系。因此，以广义中间变量做一阶泰勒展开近似位移和内力。应力约束和屈曲约束由近似内力计算。近似问题由优化器在设计变量空间内求解。最后给出了几个算例，结果表明了本文的方法是十分有效的。
A generalized intermediate variable approximation method for geometry optimization of bar structure is proposed. Firstly, a set of generalized intermediate variables is introduced, including the elements of local compliance, direction cosine, internal force and displacement matrix of each member. The relationship between structural response and these generalized intermediate variables and the design variables themselves (ie, node coordinates and cross-sectional area) Become a better linear relationship. Therefore, a first-order Taylor expansion approximation of displacement and internal force is performed with a generalized intermediate variable. Stress constraints and buckling constraints are approximated by internal forces. The approximation problem is solved by the optimizer in the design variable space. Finally, a few examples are given, and the results show that the method in this paper is very effective.