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对小说中的风景描写,传统解读聚焦于其审美性,将风景视为展示叙事主体对环境审美感知的一种手段,为烘托叙事情节、人物个性、叙事主题等提供诗意背景。而以话语研究的视角观察风景描写,风景则成为叙事主体思想意识、特定社会语境和历史文化内涵的载体,成为建构小说主题的一种独特话语方式。哈葛德小说《三千年艳尸记》中的非洲风景作为叙事话语的一个重要组成部分,参与了小说主题和深层意义的建构———殖民与被殖民的关系、族群和族性认知以及主体身份认同。白人殖民主义者对非洲风景的凝视,表征了观看主体特有的意识形态,展示出特定历史语境下的权力政治。
As for the landscape description in the novel, the traditional interpretation focuses on its aesthetics, regards the scenery as a means of displaying the aesthetic perception of the subject of the narrative, and provides a poetic background for setting off the narrative plot, individuality and narrative theme. However, from the perspective of discourse study, the landscape description and the landscape become the carrier of the narrative subject’s ideology, the specific social context and the historical and cultural connotation, and become a unique discourse way of constructing the theme of the novel. As an important part of the narrative discourse, African landscapes in Haggard’s novel The Three Million Years of Corpse in Kudat participate in the construction of the theme and deep meaning of the novel --- the relationship between colonial and colonial colonies, ethnic and ethnic cognition, and the subject Identity. The white colonialists’ gaze of the African landscape symbolizes the ideology peculiar to the viewing subject and shows the power politics in a specific historical context.