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目的比较细胞培养、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和间接免疫荧光法(IFA)检测生殖器疱疹病毒的临床应用价值。方法用细胞培养、ELISA和IFA同时检测生殖器标本中的单纯疱疹病毒(HSV),与扩大金标准方法比较,分别计算三者的敏感性、特异性、约登指数、阳性预测值(PPV)和阴性预测值(NPV)。结果 318例标本中真阳性结果150例,真阴性结果168例,阳性率为47.2%。细胞培养、ELISA和IFA三种方法的敏感性分别为89.3%、98.0%和98.7%,特异性分别为100.0%、96.4%和97.6%,约登指数分别为89.3%、94.4%和96.3%,NPV分别为91.3%、98.2%和98.8%,经比较,ELISA和IFA方法的敏感性均高于细胞培养法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ELISA和IFA的特异性无统计学意义(P>0.05);ELISA和IFA的约登指数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),ELISA和IFA方法的NPV均高于细胞培养法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ELISA和IFA法检测HSV有较高的灵敏度和特异性,均可为临床诊治提供可靠依据。
Objective To compare the clinical value of cell culture, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) in detecting genital herpesvirus. Methods Simultaneous detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in genital specimens was performed by cell culture, ELISA and IFA. The sensitivity, specificity, Youden index, positive predictive value (PPV) and Negative predictive value (NPV). Results Among the 318 specimens, there were 150 cases of true positive results and 168 cases of true negative results, the positive rate was 47.2%. The sensitivity of cell culture, ELISA and IFA were 89.3%, 98.0% and 98.7%, the specificity was 100.0%, 96.4% and 97.6% respectively, and the Youden index were 89.3%, 94.4% and 96.3% NPV were 91.3%, 98.2% and 98.8%, respectively. The sensitivity of ELISA and IFA was higher than that of cell culture, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); the specificity of ELISA and IFA was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). The Youden index of ELISA and IFA had no significant difference (P> 0.05). ELISA and IFA showed higher NPV than that of cell culture (P <0.05). Conclusion ELISA and IFA detection of HSV has a higher sensitivity and specificity, both for clinical diagnosis and treatment to provide a reliable basis.