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目的分析江苏口岸出入境人员传染病的流行病学特征及变化,为口岸传染病监测和防控提供科学依据。方法对2004—2009年江苏口岸800838名出入境人员的传染病监测结果进行流行病学描述,并使用χ2检验等方法进行统计学分析。结果研究对象以劳务人员为主(56.16%),年度职业构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。传染病检出率分析表明近2年较2007年以前有增加的趋势,疟疾以2008年最高,艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染2006年后不断增加,梅毒、开放性肺结核、病毒性肝炎总体呈增长趋势,乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性呈波浪形趋势。病例构成比分析表明,疟疾以2008年最高,病毒性肝炎以2007年最高,HIV感染、梅毒近3年持续增长,开放性肺结核呈波浪形趋势。不同年度病例年龄构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),呈年轻化;国籍(地区)分布越来越广,特别是非洲和东南亚国家(地区)。结论口岸传染病防控应关注劳务人员等重点人群,关注HIV感染等近年来上升趋势明显的疾病。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and changes of infectious diseases among entry and exit personnel in Jiangsu ports and provide scientific basis for the monitoring and prevention and control of port infectious diseases. Methods The epidemiological results of infectious disease surveillance of 800838 immigrants from Jiangsu Port from 2004 to 2009 were described and analyzed by χ2 test and other methods. Results The main research object was labor force (56.16%), the annual occupational composition difference was statistically significant (P <0.001). An analysis of the prevalence of infectious diseases showed that there was an upward trend in 2007 in the recent two years with the highest incidence of malaria in 2008 and a continual increase in the number of HIV infections since 2006. Syphilis, open tuberculosis and viral hepatitis showed an overall upward trend , HBsAg positive wavy trend. Case ratio analysis showed that malaria was the highest in 2008, viral hepatitis was the highest in 2007, HIV infection and syphilis continued to grow over the past three years, and open tuberculosis showed a wave-like trend. There were significant differences in the age of cases between different years (P <0.001), showing a younger age; the nationality (region) was more and more widely distributed, especially in Africa and Southeast Asian countries. Conclusion The prevention and control of port infectious diseases should pay attention to the key population such as laborers and pay attention to the diseases with obvious upward trend in recent years such as HIV infection.