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农业文化遗产具有多种重要价值,对现代农业发展有重要的启示作用,然而,随着科学技术不断进步,延续几千年的传统农业濒临消失,因此农业文化遗产发掘与保护越来越受到重视。本文以哈尼梯田为典型案例,总结出哈尼梯田农业文化遗产具有经济价值、生态价值、美学价值、文化价值、科研价值和社会价值等多重价值。分析得出,哈尼梯田低效的传统种植方式、单一的产业结构和崎岖的地形制约了农民收入提高和生活水平改善,是导致劳动力外流的根源问题。但是,从另一方面看,这些限制却又使其具有发展诸如绿色农业、有机农业和生态农业品加工的优势。通过多模式的经济补偿方式,鼓励发展生态旅游、推广有机农业和特色农业,以产业发展促进哈尼梯田的保护是根本的保护途径。
However, with the continuous improvement of science and technology, the traditional agriculture which lasted for thousands of years is on the verge of disappearing, so the excavation and protection of agricultural cultural heritage is paid more and more attention . This paper takes Hani terrace as a typical case and concludes that the agricultural heritage of Hani terrace has multiple values such as economic value, ecological value, aesthetic value, cultural value, scientific research value and social value. The analysis shows that the inefficient traditional planting methods, the single industrial structure and the rugged terrain of Hani terraces restrict the improvement of farmers’ incomes and living standards, which are the root causes of the outflow of labor force. However, on the other hand, these restrictions, in turn, give them the advantage of developing processes such as green agriculture, organic agriculture and eco-agriculture. Through multi-modal economic compensation methods, encouraging the development of eco-tourism, promoting organic agriculture and characteristic agriculture, and promoting the protection of the Hani terraces through industrial development are the fundamental protection ways.