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川滇高山栎广泛分布于横断山地区,属于亚高山硬叶栎林,是中国植被非常特殊的类型。种群统计是种群生态学研究的核心,主要研究种群在时间和空间上的数量变化规律。本文采用标准地法和样方收获法,对卧龙林区五个海拔梯度的川滇高山栎种群的大小结构、高度结构和生物量结构等方面探讨川滇高山栎种群的海拔梯度变异性规律。结果表明(1)川滇高山栎种群径级分布表现为两类,一类为海拔3000m以下地带的双峰型,径级峰值出现在2cm~4cm,约占70.33%;另一类为海拔3000m以上地带的单峰型,径级峰值出现在1cm~3cm,约占76.35%。(2)川滇高山栎种群高度级分布表现为两类,一类为海拔3000m以下地带,高度级峰值出现在2m~3m左右,约占65.38%;另一类为海拔3000m以上地带,随高度级增大,高度级百分率呈递减趋势。(3)川滇高山栎种群总生物量随海拔升高呈递减趋势,其平均总生物量为26408.7kg.hm-2,各器官平均生物量大小排序为干>枝>叶>皮,其生物量占种群总生物量的百分率分别为29.85%、18.54%、18.54%和6.91%。海拔2720m~2920m地带川滇高山栎种群地上部分器官生物量,干∶枝∶叶∶1皮的比例约为4∶3∶2∶1;海拔3020m~3120m地带川滇高山栎种群地上部分器官生物量,干∶枝∶叶∶皮的比例约为4∶2∶2∶1。
Quercus glauca is widely distributed in the Hengduan Mountains and belongs to the subalpine hardwood oak forest. It is a very special type of vegetation in China. Population statistics is the core of population ecology research, mainly studying the changing rules of population in time and space. In this paper, we used standard and quadrat harvest methods to study the variation of altitude gradient of Quercus aliena populations in five different altitudes in Wolong forest area in terms of size, height structure and biomass structure. The results showed that: (1) The distribution of the diameter-class distribution of Quercus acutissima was divided into two types, one was bimodal with the altitude below 3000m, the diameter peak appeared at 2cm ~ 4cm, accounting for 70.33%; the other one was 3000m The above unimodal type, diameter peak appears in 1cm ~ 3cm, accounting for 76.35%. (2) There are two types of high-level distribution of Quercus acutissima populations in Quercus mongolicus and Quercus mongolica, the first one is below 3000m, the highest peak appears at about 2m ~ 3m, accounting for 65.38%; the other one is above 3000m above sea level, As the level increased, the percentage of the high level showed a decreasing trend. (3) The total biomass of Quercus acutissima Quercus variabilis decreased with altitude, the average total biomass was 26408.7kg.hm-2, and the order of average biomass of each organ was stem> branch> leaf> Accounting for 29.85%, 18.54%, 18.54% and 6.91% of the total biomass, respectively. The aerial part organ biomass of Quercus glauca and Quercus mongolica in the area of 2720m ~ 2920m above sea level, the ratio of dry: branch: leaf: 1scion is about 4: 3: 2:1, and the aerial part organism of Quercus aliena var.mongolica population is 3020m ~ 3120m above sea level Amount, dry: branches: leaf: skin ratio of about 4: 2: 2: 1.