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用免疫组化技术对８例上颌窦正常粘膜、１６例乳头状瘤及癌变、５０例鳞状细胞癌及１４例癌旁粘膜（包括癌旁正常粘膜、单纯增生及不典型增生）ｐ５３蛋白的表达进行了检测。结果显示，上颌窦癌ｐ５３阳性率为６２％（３１／５０）。ｐ５３表达与患者性别、年龄及肿瘤分化程度无关。上颌窦正常粘膜、单纯增生及乳头状瘤ｐ５３表达阴性。不典型增生ｐ５３表达为４／６，其表达与相应鳞癌存在一致性，不典型增生ｐ５３阳性者，相应癌组织亦为阳性，反之亦然。４例乳头状瘤癌变中，３例ｐ５３阳性。研究结果表明，ｐ５３表达是人上颌窦癌发生的早期事件，而与其恶性程度无关，ｐ５３表达发生于不典型增生或乳头状瘤癌变阶段，显示ｐ５３基因突变与上颌窦癌的发生密切相关。研究结果还表明，检测ｐ５３蛋白有助于上颌窦良，恶性病变的鉴别及早期发现上颌窦癌。
Eight cases of normal mucosa of maxillary sinus, 16 cases of papilloma and carcinogenesis, 50 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and 14 cases of adjacent mucosa (including normal mucosa adjacent to cancer, simple hyperplasia and atypical hyperplasia) of p53 protein Expression was tested. The results showed that the positive rate of p53 in maxillary sinus cancer was 62% (31/50). The expression of p53 was not related to the patient’s sex, age and the degree of tumor differentiation. Normal mucosa of maxillary sinus, simple hyperplasia and negative expression of p53 in papilloma. Atypical hyperplasia of p53 expression was 4/6, its expression consistent with the corresponding squamous cell carcinoma, atypical hyperplasia of p53 positive, the corresponding cancer is also positive, and vice versa. In 4 cases of papilloma canceration, 3 cases were positive for p53. The results showed that p53 expression is an early event in human maxillary sinus cancer, but has nothing to do with the degree of malignancy, p53 expression occurs in the atypical hyperplasia or papillary tumor stage, indicating that p53 gene mutation and the occurrence of maxillary sinus cancer are closely related. The results also show that the detection of p53 protein contribute to the diagnosis of benign and malignant maxillary sinus lesions and early detection of maxillary sinus cancer.