抗战爆发后,中国为抵抗日本侵略,采取易货贸易的形式,以钨、锡、锑等矿产品和猪鬃、羊毛等农产品作为偿债物资,从苏联进口大批军火武器。然而,随着战事扩大,中国东南沿海出口及西南滇越铁路、滇缅公路相继被日军封锁,我国的对外交通几乎完全断绝。国民政府为了保障中苏易货贸易的进行,又开辟了一条西北陆路运输路线,即利用苏联的回空车辆运输矿产品和农产品。该运输路线的开辟尽管困难万端,但国民政府仍然坚持,维持了西北路线的运输,为中国人民抗战胜利和国际反法西斯斗争作出了贡献。 After the outbreak of the war of resistance against Japan, China took the form of a barter trade to repay Japan’s aggression and used a large amount of arms and weapons from the Soviet Union, using such minerals as bricks, tin, antimony and other agricultural products such as bristles and wool for its repayment of debts. However, with the expansion of the war, the exports along the southeastern coast of China, the Dian-Vietnam railway to the southwest, and the Burma-Burma road to the South and the Burma have been blocked by the Japanese army one after another, and the external traffic in our country is almost completely cut off. In order to ensure the progress of the barter trade between China and the Soviet Union, the national government opened up a northwest land transport route that used the empty space vehicles of the Soviet Union to transport mineral products and agricultural products. Despite its difficulties, the national government insisted on maintaining the transportation of the Northwest Route and made its contribution to the Chinese people’s victory over the Anti-Japanese War and the international anti-fascist struggle.