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基础教育对国家的长远发展和整个民族素质的提高都具有重大的意义和深远的影响。然而,中国的基础教育在城乡间的发展极其不均衡。原因究竟何在,通过梳理发现,主要存在于以下三个方面:城乡两元结构的存在及其再生产,“应试教育”下的“精英取向”对基础教育的误导,基础教育投入不足以及中央与地方政府权责不对称。
Basic education has great significance and far-reaching impact on the long-term development of the country and improvement of the overall national quality. However, China’s basic education has extremely uneven development between urban and rural areas. The reason lies in the following three aspects: the existence of urban-rural dual structure and its reproduction, the “elite orientation” under “examination-oriented education” misleading basic education and insufficient investment in basic education As well as the asymmetry of powers and responsibilities between the central and local governments.