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为将原产澳洲的棉属野生种比克氏棉(Gossypium bickii)具有的子叶腺体延缓形成基因导入栽培种,将亚洲棉(G.arboreum)与比克氏棉(G.bickii)杂交,并经染色体加倍,获得亚比棉异源四倍体,然后再用异源四倍体与陆地棉(G.hirsutum)、海岛棉(G.barbadense)杂交获得具有[ADG]3个染色体组的三种杂种。本研究以三种杂种与其亲本为材料,对参试材料进行核型分析,并采用核型似近系数聚类分析方法对参试材料进行聚类分析。研究结果表明:亚比棉染色体的相对长度小于亚洲棉和比克氏棉,且变异范围较小,亚比棉的LC/SC值高于亲本亚洲棉和比克氏棉;亚比棉×陆地棉和亚比棉×海岛棉的LC/SC值比任一亲本均高。亚比棉的臂比均值最小,核型最为对称,为1A。核型聚类结果表明,陆地棉和海岛棉的核型似近系数最大为0.995 8,核型进化距离为0.004 2,亲缘关系最近。比克氏棉和亚比棉的核型似近系数最小为0.648 3,核型进化距离为0.433 4,亲缘关系最远。
In order to degenerate the cotyledon gland of the cottonseed wild species Gossypium bickii native to Australia into a genetically-introduced cultivar and to cross the G.arboreum with G. bickii, The chromosomes were doubled to obtain allotetraploid tetraploids, and then the allotetraploid plants were crossed with G. hirsutum and G. barbadense to obtain a genome with [ADG] 3 chromosomes Three kinds of hybrids. In this study, three hybrids and their parents were used as materials to analyze the karyotypes of the tested materials. Cluster analysis of the tested materials was performed by karyotype near coefficient clustering analysis. The results showed that the relative lengths of chromosomes in cotton were smaller than that in cotton and birch cotton, and the variation range was smaller. The LC / SC value of cotton was higher than that of the parents of Asian and Bikia cotton. The LC / SC values for both cotton and cotton × sea island cotton were higher than either parent. Abamectin arm than the average minimum, the most symmetrical karyotype, 1A. The results of karyotype clustering showed that the karyotype similar coefficients of upland cotton and sea island cotton were 0.995 8 and karyotype evolutionary distance 0.004 2, respectively. The karyotype similarities between the Bicker’s and Arboreous cottons were 0.6483 and 0.4334, respectively.