论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨锰焊烟尘和锡焊烟尘对电焊作业工人肺通气功能的影响。方法采用判断抽样方法,以广州市某电子厂从事锡焊作业的485名工人为锡焊烟尘组;以广州市某汽车零部件厂从事锰焊作业的110名工人为锰焊烟尘组,以该厂无职业病危害因素接触的134名人员为对照组。对3组人群进行肺功能检查,分析不同电焊工种对其影响。结果锡焊烟尘组工作场所空气中的铅烟、二氧化锡和锰焊烟尘组工作场所空气中的锰及其无机化合物、电焊烟尘的时间加权平均浓度均不超过国家职业卫生接触限值。锰焊烟尘组人群的用力肺活量、第1秒用力肺活量、最大呼气流量的实测值占预计值百分比以及最大呼气中段流量、25%肺活量最大呼气流量、50%肺活量最大呼气流量均分别高于对照组和锡焊烟尘组(P<0.05),但对照组和锡焊烟尘组人群上述各指标分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。锰焊烟尘组人群肺通气功能障碍检出率分别高于其余2组(44.5%vs 11.9%,44.5%vs 19.4%,P<0.01);但对照组和锡焊烟尘组人群该指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.046)。结论锰焊烟尘接触可导致作业工人发生肺通气功能障碍;暂未发现锡焊烟尘对作业工人肺通气功能造成影响。
Objective To explore the effect of manganese welding fume and soldering fumes on lung ventilation function of electricians in welding operation. Methods One hundred and seventy-four workers engaged in soldering operations at an electronics factory in Guangzhou City were soldered fume-soot groups. One hundred and ten workers engaged in manganese soldering operations at an auto parts factory in Guangzhou City were made of 134 workers without plant occupational hazards were exposed as control group. Lung function tests were performed on 3 groups of people to analyze the effects of different welders. Results In the soldering fumes group, the time-weighted average concentrations of lead smoke, tin dioxide and manganese in the workplace air, manganese and its inorganic compounds, and welding fumes did not exceed the national occupational exposure limit. The results of forced vital capacity, forced vital capacity at 1 second, maximal expiratory flow measured value and predicted maximal expiratory flow, maximal expiratory flow at 25% and maximal expiratory flow at 50% (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the control group and soldered soot group (P> 0.05). The detection rate of lung ventilation dysfunction was higher in the crowd of manganese welding fume than the other two groups (44.5% vs 11.9%, 44.5% vs 19.4%, P <0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups Not statistically significant (P = 0.046). Conclusion Manganese welding smoke and dust exposure can lead to pulmonary ventilation dysfunction workers; yet found soldering fumes on the workers lung ventilation effects.