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基于坝体坝基相互作用和流体-气体-固体耦合理论模型,采用动力有限元时程分析的数值仿真方法,对锦屏一级高拱坝动力试验的模型,进行了气幕隔震的三维数值模拟。基于动力试验模型的相似原理、模型材料的单轴抗压强度试验以及超声波检测,得到了试验模型的基本相似物理参数;保证试验模型的基本动力相似;气室材料采用厚度为1 cm的工程塑料ABS,坝体上游面的左、右两岸直接用聚苯乙烯塑料(简称ABS)拉通覆盖,均匀地分布在坝体上游面,达到整体气室隔震的效果。数值计算及试验结果基本相符,气幕显著降低了上游坝面的动水压力。与无气幕相比,动水压力削减可达70%以上。通过数值计算分析及试验研究相结合的手段,论证了气幕减震蕴含的工程价值。
Based on the dam-foundation interaction and the fluid-gas-solid coupling theory model, the numerical simulation method of dynamic finite element method is used to simulate the dynamic test of Jinping-1 high-arch dam with three-dimensional numerical value simulation. Based on the similar principle of dynamic test model, uniaxial compressive strength test of model material and ultrasonic testing, the basic similar physical parameters of test model are obtained; the basic motive force of test model is guaranteed; the air chamber material is made of engineering plastic with a thickness of 1 cm ABS, the left and right banks of the upstream face of the dam body are directly covered with polystyrene plastic (referred to as ABS), evenly distributed on the upstream face of the dam to achieve the effect of overall air-chamber isolation. Numerical calculation and test results are basically consistent with the air curtain significantly reduces hydrodynamic pressure upstream dam. Compared with no air curtain, hydrodynamic pressure reduction can reach more than 70%. Through the combination of numerical calculation and experimental research, the engineering value of gas curtain damping is demonstrated.