一、前言 竹是东亚特产。我国主要分布在江南地区,资源十分丰富。据调查年产量达750万吨,约占全世界竹材总产量的80％左右,居世界第一位。 竹材具有长直、质轻、强度大、加工容易和价格低廉等特点,加上生长迅速,资源丰富,因此有史以来卽为我国劳动人民所喜用。举凡建筑、造纸、交通工具、农具、家具、细工、日常生活和文化用品,以及乐器等均可用竹材为原料。本世纪初期(1914年)更首先应用它代替钢筋,在混凝上构件中。解放后,随着社会主义建设事业突飞猛进,竹材的利用,日益占重要地位。特别从1954年党和政府提出利用竹材代替钢铁和木材的号召以后,许多研究机 First, the preface Bamboo is a specialty in East Asia. My country is mainly distributed in the southern region, the resources are very rich. According to the survey, the annual output reached 7.5 million tons, accounting for about 80% of the total bamboo production in the world, ranking first in the world. Bamboo has a long straight, light weight, high strength, easy processing and low prices and other characteristics, coupled with rapid growth, rich in resources, so since the history of China’s working people like to use. Take bamboo as raw material for building, papermaking, transport, farm tools, furniture, fine work, daily life and stationery, and musical instruments. The beginning of this century (1914) is the first to use it instead of steel bars, in the concrete components. After the liberation, as the cause of socialist construction by leaps and bounds, the use of bamboo, increasingly occupy an important position. Especially since the party and government proposed the use of bamboo instead of steel and timber in 1954, many research machines