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目的探讨长期低剂量慢性辐射环境对工作人员口腔疾病发病情况的影响,了解相关人员口腔医疗需要自我评估情况,以便客观分析特殊环境工作人员的口腔健康状况,为进一步提高防护能力提供依据。方法选择长期在辐射环境下工作的人员341名为研究对象,并按照文化程度分成高中文化以上组139名、高中文化组83名及高中文化以下组119名。采用世界卫生组织公布的口腔健康调查基本方法和标准器材,并根据实际情况需要设定了口腔健康调查项目,参考最新WHO标准,对特殊环境工作人员口腔医疗需要自我评估进行问卷调查分析。结果调查发现34.3%的人群对自我口腔疾病情况模糊不清,对口腔疾病的判断高中文化以上组不清楚比例(23.7%)明显低于高中文化组(45.8%)和以下组(38.7%)。79.8%调查对象牙龈出现过出血情况,其中15.0%调查对象认为经常牙龈出血。高达81.8%的人群不同程度有口腔医疗需要,其中需要洁牙治疗的最多,高达62.2%的人群没有得到口腔定期检查。在不同文化程度组间,对定期口腔健康检查情况,高中文化以上组比例(15.8%)明显高于高中文化组(1.2%)和以下组(0.8%)。结论特殊环境工作人员口腔状况不容乐观,对口腔医疗的需求很大,健康教育和预防治疗措施有待加强。
Objective To investigate the effects of long-term, low-dose chronic radiation on the incidence of oral diseases in workers and to understand the self-assessment needs of dental workers in order to objectively analyze the oral health conditions of special environmental workers and provide evidence for further improvement of protective capacity. Methods A total of 341 people working in a long-term radiation environment were selected as study subjects. According to their educational attainment, 139 students were enrolled in above high school and above, 83 in high school and 119 in high school. Using the basic methods and standard equipment for oral health survey published by the World Health Organization and setting up the oral health survey project according to the actual needs, the self-assessment on oral medical needs of special environmental workers was conducted with questionnaires according to the latest WHO standards. Results The survey found that 34.3% of the population were vague about self-esteem oral diseases. The proportion of unclear cases of oral diseases in senior high school (23.7%) was significantly lower than that in high school (45.8%) and the following groups (38.7%). 79.8% of respondents had bleeding gums, of which 15.0% of the respondents considered bleeding gums often. Up to 81.8% of the population have varying degrees of dental needs, including the need for the largest number of dental treatment, up to 62.2% of the population did not get periodic oral examination. Among the groups with different educational level, the rate of regular oral health examinations was significantly higher in senior high school (15.8%) than in senior high school (1.2%) and in the following group (0.8%). Conclusion The oral health of special environmental staff is not optimistic and there is a great demand for dental care. The health education and prevention and treatment measures need to be strengthened.