This paper makes an overall introduction of ecological residence (ER), a new type of eco-building and studiesits origin, definition, status quo and characteristics. Firstly, it shapes like a forest seen from afar and like a garden seeninside; secondly, its environment should be up to the natural level; thirdly, designing, management, green energyutilization and sanitation should be up to environmental standard; fourthly, the green ecology concept is not only appliedto building but also rooted in the residents. In this paper, the features of ecological residence are summarized - coziness,health, high-efficiency and beauty, and principles of ecological residence are proposed - ecology-based, human-oriented,local-conditions-based and systematic. Also, techniques, problems and various understandings are discussed for theenhancement of ecological residence. This paper makes an overall introduction of ecological residence (ER), a new type of eco-building and studiesits origin, definition, status quo and characteristics. First, it shapes like a forest seen from afar and like a garden seeninside; secondly, its thirdly, designing, management, green energyutilization and sanitation should be up to environmental standard; fourthly, the green ecology concept is not only applied to building but also rooted in the residents. In this paper, the features of ecological residence are summarized - coziness, health, high-efficiency and beauty, and principles of ecological residence are proposed - ecology-based, human-oriented, local-conditions-based and systematic. Also, techniques, problems and various understandings are discussed for theenhancement of ecological residence.