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应用抗病品种防治植物病害是一项简单易行经济有效的方法,已为多年生产实践所证实。但近三十年来,由于病原菌生理型不断发生变异,抗病品种抗病性“丧失”现象不断出现。以我国小麦条锈病为例,当初的抗病良种“碧玛1号”“南大2419”在一些地区推广,其抗性维持不过5—6年,又变为高度感染品种。为了解决这一问题,非小种专化性的抗病性即水平抗性的利用近年开始受到了广泛重视,国外部份作物主要病害,不少已着手水平抗性育种的研究。植物的水平抗性主要包括抗接触、抗侵入,以及除过敏性坏死反应以外的许多其他生理化抗病性;玉米自交系对小斑病菌
The application of resistant varieties to plant disease control is an easy and cost-effective method that has been demonstrated for years of production practice. However, over the past three decades, due to the continuous variation of physiological types of pathogenic bacteria, the phenomenon of “loss” of resistance to disease-resistant varieties has appeared constantly. Taking the wheat stripe rust in our country as an example, the original disease resistant cultivar “Bima No.1” and “Nanda 2419” were promoted in some areas. However, the resistance was maintained for only 5-6 years and became highly infected. In order to solve this problem, the use of non-offspring specific resistance, that is, horizontal resistance, has drawn wide attention in recent years. Major diseases of some foreign crops and many researches on horizontal resistance breeding have been conducted. The horizontal resistance of plants mainly includes anti-contact, anti-invasion, and many other physiological and chemical resistance besides allergic necrosis;