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目的了解乌鲁木齐市日常食品中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌的肠毒素分布情况以及耐药性特征。方法金黄色葡萄球菌的分离以及肠毒素的鉴定依据国标GB 4789.10-2010《食品卫生微生物检验金黄色葡萄球菌检验》进行,利用法国梅里埃全自动微生物生化鉴定系统(VITEK2–compact)对菌株进行生化鉴定和药敏试验。同时对分离出的阳性菌株进行肠毒素测定及分型。结果 2013-2014年检测乌鲁木齐市日常食品样品6类823份,检测出38株金黄色葡萄球菌。通过对金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素分型,共有12株产生肠毒素,携带率为31.6%。对阳性菌株进行耐药性分析,其中对万古霉素和头孢噻肟敏感,敏感率为100.0%;对青霉素的耐药程度较高,耐药率为71.1%;对诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、甲氧苄啶敏感性较高,对其他几种抗生素都有不同程度的耐药。结论乌鲁木齐市食品中存在金黄色葡萄球菌潜在的危害,主要来源于肉制品;金黄色葡萄球菌的产毒能力较强,且耐药性较强,应合理用药。
Objective To understand the distribution of enterotoxin in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from daily foods in Urumqi and its drug resistance characteristics. Methods The isolation of Staphylococcus aureus and the identification of enterotoxin were carried out according to the national standard GB 4789.10-2010 “Food hygiene microbiology test for Staphylococcus aureus”. The bacteria were biochemically biochemically identified by the VITEK2-compact Identification and drug sensitivity test. At the same time, the positive strains isolated for enterotoxin determination and typing. Results In 2013-2014, 823 samples of 6 types of daily food in Urumqi were detected and 38 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were detected. Staphylococcal enterotoxins by typing, a total of 12 strains of enterotoxins, carrying rate of 31.6%. The resistance of the positive strains was analyzed, among them, the sensitivity to vancomycin and cefotaxime was 100.0%, the resistance to penicillin was high, and the resistance rate to penicillin was 71.1% .For norfloxacin, Saturn, trimethoprim higher sensitivity to several other antibiotics have varying degrees of resistance. Conclusion There is a potential hazard of Staphylococcus aureus in foodstuffs in Urumqi, mainly from meat products. Staphylococcus aureus is highly toxic and resistant, and should be used rationally.